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Chapter One The Medieval Period1

1．Introduction1

1.1 Historical Background1

1.2 Literature in the Middle Ages1

2．Geoffrey Chaucer(ca. 1343-1400)2

3．Selected Writings3

3.1 Beowulf(an excerpt)3

3.2 The Twa Corbies(a popular ballad)4

3.3 The General Prologue(excerpts from The Canterbury Tales)5

Chapter Two The Elizabethan Age11

1．Introduction11

1.1 The Renaissance11

1.2 The Renaissance in England12

1.3 Literature of the Renaissance12

2．Edmund Spenser(1552-1599)13

3．Francis Bacon(1561-1626)14

4．Christopher Marlowe(1564-1593)15

4.1 Life and Career15

4.2 Dr Faustus(synopsis)16

5．William Shakespeare(1564-1616)16

5.1 Life and Career16

5.2 Major Works17

5.2.1 Hamlet(synopsis)17

5.2.2 Macbeth(synopsis)19

5.2.3 TheMerchant of Venice(synopsis)20

6．John Donne(1572-1631)21

7．Selected Writings21

7.1 The Faerie Queene by Spenser(two excerpts from Canto Ⅰ,Book Ⅰ)21

7.2 Dr Faustus by Marlowe(an excerpt from Scene Ⅰ,Act Ⅰ)22

7.3 The Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare（an excerpt from ACT Ⅳ)25

7.4 Hamlet by Shakespeare(An Excerpt from Act Ⅲ）36

7.5 "Sonnet 18"by Shakespeare37

7.6 "Sonnet 29"by Shakespeare38

7.7 "The Flea"by Donne38

7.8 "The Sun Rising"by Donne39

7.9 "The Canonization"by Donne40

7.10 "Death Be Not Proud"by Donne42

7.11 "Of Studies"by Bacon42

7.12 "Of Marriage and Single Life"by Bacon44

Chapter Three The Restoration46

1．Introduction46

1.1 The Restoration46

1.2 Literary Characteristics46

2．John Mihon(1608-1674)47

3．John Bunyan(1628-1688)48

3.1 Life and Career48

3.2 The Pilgrim's Progress(synopsis)49

4．John Dryden(1631-1700)49

5．Selected Writings50

5.1 ParadiseLost(Excerpts from Book Ⅰ)by Milton50

5.2 "When I Consider How My Light Is Spent"by Milton52

5.3 "Methought I Saw My Late Espoused Saint"by Milton53

5.4 The Pilgrim's Progress by Bunyan(An Excerpt from Part Ⅰ)53

5.5 "To the Memory of Mr. Oldham"by Dryden56

5.6 "A Song for St. Cecilia's Day"by Dryden57

Chapter Four The Enlightenment Period61

1．Introduction61

1.1 Enlightenment Ideas61

1.2 Literature during the Enlightenment Period61

2．Daniel Defoe(1660-1731)63

2.1 Life and Career63

2.2 Robinson Crusoe(synopsis)63

3．Jonathan Swift(1667-1745)64

3.1 Life and Career64

3.2 Gulliver's Travels(synopsis)65

4．Joseph Addison(1672-1719)66

5．Alexander Pope(1688-1744)66

6．Samuel Richardson(1689-1761)67

6.1 Life and Career67

6.2 Clarissa:or The History of a Young Lady(synopsis)68

7．Henry Fielding(1707-1754)68

7.1 Life and Career68

7.2 Tom Jones(synopsis)69

8．Samuel Johnson(1709-1784)69

9．Selected Writings70

9.1 "A Modest Proposal"by Swift70

9.2 "Sir Roger at Church"from The Spectator(July 9,1711)by Addison77

9.3 An Essay on Man:Epistle Ⅱ(an excerpt)by Alexander Pope79

9.4 "To the Right Honourable the Earl of Chesterfield"by Johnson80

Chapter Five The Romantic Period83

1．Introduction83

1.1 Historical Background83

1.2 Romanticism84

1.3 English Romanticism84

2．William Blake(1757-1827)85

3．Robert Burns(1759-1796)86

4．William Wordsworth(1770-1850)86

5．Walter Scott(1771-1832)88

5.1 Life and Career88

5.2 Ivanhoe(synopsis)88

6．Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1772-1834)89

7．Jane Austen(1775-1817)90

7.1 Life and Career90

7.2 Pride and Prejudice(synopsis)90

8．Charles Lamb(1775-1834)91

9．George Gordon Byron(1788-1824)92

10．Percy Bysshe Shelley(1792-1822)93

11．John Keats(1795-1821)94

12．Selected Writings95

12.1 "London"by Blake95

12.2 "The Tyger"by Blake95

12.3 "The Chimney Sweeper"by Blake96

12.4 "A Red,Red Rose"by Burns97

12.5 "Auld Lang Syne"by Burns98

12.6 "Robert Bruce's March to Bannockburn"by Burns99

12.7 "For a'that and a'that"by Burns100

12.8 "She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways"by Wordsworth102

12.9 "I Wandered Lonely As a Cloud"by Wordsworth102

12.10 "The Solitary Reaper"by Wordsworth103

12.11 "To the Cuckoo"by Wordsworth104

12.12 "Composed Upon Westminster Bridge,September 3,1802"by Wordsworth105

12.13 "London,1802"by Wordsworth106

12.14 "Kubla Khan"by Coleridge107

12.15 "Dream Children;a Reverie"by Lamb108

12.16 "She Walks in Beauty"by Byron113

12.17 "The Isles of Greece"(from Canto Ⅲ,Don Juan)by Byron113

12.18 "Ode to the West Wind"by Shelley117

12.19 "Ozymandias"by Shelley120

12.20 "To—"by Shelley121

12.21 "To a Skylark"by Shelley122

12.22 "Ode to a Nightingale"by Keats125

12.23 "Ode on a Grecian Urn"by Keats128

12.24 "On first Looking into Chapman's Homer"by Keats130

Chapter Six The Victorian Age131

1．Introduction131

1.1 Historical Background131

1.2 Literary Characteristics131

2．Alfred Lord Tennyson(1809-1892)133

3．Robert Browning(1812-1889)and Elizabeth Browning(1806-1861)134

4．Charles Dickens(1812-1870)135

4.1 Life and Career135

4.2 David Copperfield(synopsis)136

5．The Bront？ Sisters136

5.1 Literary Career136

5.2 Maior Works137

5.2.1 Wuthering Heights(synopsis)137

5.2.2 Jane Eyre（synopsis）138

6．George Eliot(1819-1880)140

6.1 Life and Career140

6.2 Middlemarch(synopsis)141

7．Thomas Hardy(1840-1928)142

7.1 Life and Career142

7.2 Tess of the D'Urbervilles(synopsis)142

8．George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950)144

8.1 Life and Career144

8.2 Mrs.Warren's Profession(synopsis)144

9．Selected Writings145

9.1 "Ulysses"by Tennyson145

9.2 "Break,Break,Break"by Tennyson147

9.3 "My Last Duchess"by Robert Browning148

9.4 "Home Thoughts,from the Sea"by Robert Browning150

9.5 "How Do I Love Thee?Let me Count the Ways."by Elizabeth Browning151

9.6 "Biographical Notice of Ellis and Acton Bell"by Charlotte Bronte151

Chapter Seven The Twentieth Century158

1．Introduction158

1.1 Historical Background158

1.2 Modernism159

1.3 Literary Characteristics160

2．Joseph Conrad(1857-1924)161

2.1 Life and Career161

2.2 Heart of Darkness(synopsis)162

3．William Butler Yeats(1865-1939)162

4．E.M. Forster(1879-1970)163

4.1 Life and Career163

4.2 A Passage to India(synopsis)164

5．James Joyce(1882-1941)165

5.1 Life and Career165

5.2 Ulysses(synopsis)166

6．Virginia Woolf(1882-1941)167

6.1 Life and Career167

6.2 To the Lighthouse(synopsis)168

7．D.H. Lawrence(1885-1930)168

7.1 Life and Career168

7.2 Sons and Lovers(synopsis)169

8．T.S.Eliot(1888-1965)170

9．Samuel Beckett(1906-1989)171

10．Wystan Hugh Auden(1907-1973)172

11．William Golding(1911-1993)173

11.1 Life and Career173

11.2 Lord of the Flies(synopsis)174

12．Doris Lessing(1919-2013)174

12.1 Life and career174

12.2 The Golden Notebook(synopsis)175

13．Sir V.S.Naipaul(1932- )175

13.1 Life and Career175

13.2 A House for Mr.Biswas(synopsis)176

14．Selected Writings176

14.1 "Down by the Salley Gardens"by Yeats176

14.2 "Leda and the Swan"by Yeats177

14.3 "Sailing to Byzantium"by Yeats178

14.4 "The Second Coming"by Yeats179

14.5 "My Wood"by Forster180

14.6 "Araby"by Joyce183

14.7 "Dorothy Wordsworth"by Woolf189

14.8 "The Mark on the Wall"by Woolf195

14.9 "Tickets,Please"by Lawrence202

14.10 "Journey of the Magi"by Eliot212

14.11 "Sweeney among the Nightingales"by Eliot214

14.12 Waiting for Godot by Beckett(An Excerpt from Act Ⅰ)215

14.13 "Who's Who"by Auden223

14.14 "Their Lonely Betters"by Auden223

14.15 "In Memory of W.B. Yeats"by Auden224

Bibliography228